Short column vs Long column

A column  or a vertical pillar  is the structural member that transfers the compressive load of the structure above to the members below.

Following are the differences between short column and long column:-

For Testing:

Slump cone test, Silt content, Water absorption, Bulking of sand
Compaction factor test of concrete
Los Angeles Abrasion test on Aggregates
Determination of maximum dry density and optimum moisture content of soil